The Amazon rainforest is a moist broad-leaf forest that covers most of
the Amazon Basin of South America. This basin encompasses 2,700,000 sq miles
of which 2,100,000 sq miles are covered by the Rainforest. The Amazon
represents over half of the planet's remaining Rainforests, and it
comprises the largest and most species-rich tract of tropical Rainforest
in the world.
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Wet tropical forests are the most species-rich biome, and tropical
forests in the Americas and are consistently more species rich than
the wet forests in Africa and Asia. As the largest tract of tropical
rainforest in the Americas, the Amazonian rainforests have unparalleled
biodiversity.
One in ten known species in the world lives in the Amazon Rainforest.
This constitutes the largest collection of living plants and animal
species in the world.
The region is home to about 2.5 million insect species, tens of thousands
of plants, and some 2,000 birds and mammals.
To date, at least 40,000 plant species, 2,200 fish, 1,294 birds,
427 mammals, 428 amphibians, and 378 reptiles have been
scientifically classified in the region.
One in five of all the bird species in the world live in the rainforests
of the Amazon, and one in five of the fish species live in Amazonian
rivers and streams. Scientists have described between 96,660 and 128,843
invertebrate species in Brazil alone.
The biodiversity of plant species is the highest on Earth, with some
experts estimating that 247 acres may contain more than a thousand
types of trees and thousands of species of other higher plants.
According to a 2001 study, 62 acres of Ecuadorian rainforest
supports more than 1,100 tree species.
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