The Rhinoceros Hornbill is a very large, exotic bird. Males are between
37.5-41.5 inches long and weigh 5.7-7.5 pounds. Females weigh 4.5-5.1
pounds. Hornbills have what appears to be a second beak, or 'horn',
growing out of their forehead. It is named after this prominent golden-yellow
or bright orange horn, called a casque, on the top of its beak. The casque
is a hollow structure made up of keratin (the same material as human
fingernails) and acts as a resonating chamber, amplifying the bird's calls.
Male and female Rhinoceros Hornbills look alike, except the male birds have
an orange or red ring around their eyes, while the ring remains white in
females. These are protected by exceptionally long eyelashes - modified
feathers - which keep dirt and debris out of their eyes.
Rhinoceros hornbills are known to mate for life and is why in Asia they
consider them a symbol of love, great loyalty and a bringer of good luck.
They are cavity nesters, meaning the female hornbill will lay 1-3 eggs
inside a hollowed out tree. The female seals herself and her eggs inside
the tree, using mud and scat to close the opening, leaving only a small
slit for her mate to pass food through to her. The female stays inside
the nest for 3 months, incubating the eggs.
The Rhinoceros Hornbill is one of the largest birds found in the rainforests
of South East Asia. With their impressively large wing span, these hornbills
can create a loud 'whoosh' noise - and coupled with their distinctive beak
and piercing eyes, these birds can be quite intimidating. Especially since they
are territorial birds, with pairs constantly flying around their territories
and during the breeding season defending them with loud trumpeting calls.
Their lifespan is 30-40 years in the wild and 50+ years in captivity.
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